中考英语语法总结：形容词 副词

　　形容词和副词

　　在中考单项选择中形容词也占一定比例，一般考查有关形容词或副词的一些搭配，但绝大部分考查形容词与副词的比较级和最高级。

　　一、 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

　　①一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，如：small --- smaller --- smallest

　　② 以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加 –r或 –st，如

　　large --- largest --- largest

　　③ 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est。

　　④ 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加 –er或-est.

　　busy---busier---busiest

　　happy---happier---happiest

　　但一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如

　　slowly --- more slowly --- most slowly

　　difficult---more difficult---most difficult

　　beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful

　　但还有一些不规则的变化

　　good / well---better---best

　　many---more---most

　　bad / ill / badly ---worse---worst

　　little---less---least

　　far --- farther / further --- farther / furthest

　　二、 形容词和副词的等比句型

　　①as…as… 和……一样

　　I’m as tall as you.

　　② not as(so)…as 不和…… 一样(在否定句中常用so 来代替as)如，

　　I can’t run so fast as you.

　　另外as…as possible 为固定结构，如，as soon as possible, as quickly as possible 等。

　　在以上两个句型中形容词或副词一定要用原级。

　　三、形容词和副词的其它句型还有

　　① 形容词/ 副词 比较级 + than 句型 ，在than 后面的人称代词 用主语和宾语均可。

　　He is older than I / me.

　　但是如果人称代词后有动词时，则只能用主格形式。如，

　　Tom found more red leaves than I did.

　　② “the + 比较级， the + 比较级” 结构表示两个变化一起发生。如， The more you learn, the more you’ll know.

　　③ “more and more”结构(指两个形容词比较级用and 连接)表示持续不断的变化。 如： I’m getting thinner and thinner.

　　四、修饰形容词和副词的比较级的副词要用much, a lot, a little, a bit, far等，very不能和比较级连用。如

　　The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive.

　　昨天我买的衬衣比较便宜。

　　To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy.

　　打篮球对于男孩子来说要有趣得多。

　　五、形容词的一些搭配，如

　　be glad / happy/ pleased to do 很高兴做某事

　　be sorry to do 很抱歉，很遗憾做某事

　　be sure to do 一定/相信会做某事

　　be ready to do 准备好做某事，乐于做某事

　　get ready to do 为……做好准备 等等。

　　下面我们来看一些例题。

　　A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river

　　D. the long river

　　答案：A

　　2. Does he speak Chinese ___ his brother?

　　A. as better as B. as good as C. as well as D. best than

　　答案：C

　　3. Which shirt do you like ___, the white one or the blue one?

　　A. better B. good C. best D. much

　　答案：A

　　4. I don’t feel ___ to go to work today. I’m ill.

　　A. good enough B. well enough C. enough well D. enough good

　　答案：B

　　5. Mary would like to spend ___ days on her research.

　　A. a little more B. a little C. a few more D. much more

　　答案：C

　　下面请大家自己做以下练习。

　　A. important anything B. important something

　　C. anything important D. something important

　　答案：D

　　2. This picture book is not ___ that one.

　　A. so interesting as B. so interesting than C. as interesting than

　　D. interesting as

　　答案：A

　　3. This article is ___ than that one.

　　A. much easier B. more easier c. much more easier D. more easy

　　答案：A

　　4. The Changjiang River is ___ river in China.

　　A. long B. longest C. the longest D. longer

　　答案：C

　　5. You must keep your room ___ and tidy.

　　A. to clean B. cleaning C. clean D. cleaned

　　答案：C