倒装句-部分倒装的几种情况

  部分倒装的几种情况

1. 以否定词开头作部分倒装 
　　 如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than 
　　 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 
　　 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 
　　 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 
　　 典型例题 
　　 No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. 
　　 A. the game began B. has the game begun 
　　 C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 
　　 答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。 
　　 注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。 
　　 Not only you but also I am fond of music. 
2.so, neither, nor作部分倒装 
　　 表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。 
　　 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 
　　 If you won‘t go, neither will I. 
　　 典型例题 
　　 ---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? 
　　 ---I don‘t know, _____. 
　　 A. nor don‘t I care B. nor do I care C. I don‘t care neither D. I don‘t care also 
　　 答案：B. nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don‘t 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。 
　　 注意： 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。 
　　 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 
　　 ---It‘s raining hard. ---So it is. 
3 .only在句首要倒装的情况 
　　 Only in this way, can you learn English well. 
　　 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 
　　 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装 
　　 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 
4 .as, though 引导的倒装句 
　　 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。 
　　 注意： 
　　 1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 
　　 2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 
　　 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 
　　 注意: 
　　 让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。 
4. 其他部分倒装 
　　 1) so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。 
　　 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 
　　 2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中： 
　　 May you all be happy. 
　　 3) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。 
　　 Were I you, I would try it again. 
　　 典型例题： 
　　 1） Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is 
　　 A. man did know B. man knew C. didn‘t man know D. did man know 
　　 答案为D. 否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。 
　　 2） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted. 
　　 A. didn‘t I realize B. did I realize C. I didn‘t realize D. I realize 
　　 答案为B。 
　　 3) Do you know Tom bought a new car? 
　　 I don‘t know, ___. 
　　 A. nor don‘t I care B. nor do I care 
　　 C. I don‘t care neither D. I don‘t care also 
　　 解析：答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示也不。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。