Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.
She looked behind from time to time as she went
5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时,通常用when。例如:
When he finished his work, he took a short rest.
6) 当从句是瞬间动作,主句是延续性动作时,通常用when。例如:
When John arrived I was cooking lunch.
(2)as, because, since , for
这四个词都可表原因,但用法有区别。
1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分,一般用because。因此,because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如:
I stayed at home because it rained.
-Why aren’t you going?
-Because I don’t want to.
2) 如果原因已被人们所知,或不如句子的其它部分重要,就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如:
As he wasn’t ready, we left without him.
Since I have no money, I can’t buy any food.
3) for用来补充说明一种理由,因此,for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如:
I decided to stop and have lunchfor I was feeling quite hungry.
(3)if, whether
if和whether都可作“是否”讲,在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如:
I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.
I don’t know whether (if) he likes that film.
在下列情况下,只能用whether,不能用if:
1) 引导主语从句时。例如:
Whether he will come to the party is unknown.
2) 引导表语从句时。例如:
The question is whether I can pass the exam.
3) 在不定式前。例如:
I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not.
(4)so…that, such...that
1) so…that中的so是个副词,其后只能跟形容词或副词,而such...that中的such是个形容词,后接名词或名词短语。例如:
I’m so tired that I can’t walk any farther.
It was such a warm day that he went swimming.
2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时,用so,不用such。例如:
He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.
I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.
(5)either…or…, neither…nor, not only…but also…
这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时,
谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如:
Either you or he is wrong.
Neither he nor his children like fish.
Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.
(6)although, but
这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如:我们不能说“Although he is
over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”这个句子应改为:Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.
(7)because, so
这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如:我们不能说“Because John
was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.
【实例解析】
1.(2004年北京市中考试题)
-When will Mr Black come to Beijing?
-___________ September 5.
A. On B. To C. At D. In
答案:A。表示时间的介词的用法。表示某一天用介词on。
2. (2004年安徽省中考试题)
The boys felt sad as they lost ________ the girls in the talk show.
A. by B. in C. to D. on
答案:C。该题考查的是介词和动词的固定搭配。lose表示输给谁的时候用介词to。应选C。
3. (2004年吉林省中考试题)
-I like riding fast. It’s very exciting.
-Oh! You mustn’t do it like that, ________ it may have an accident.
A. and B. or C. so D. but
答案:B。该题考查的是并列连词的用法。答语的意思是“你不要那样做,否则会发生事故的。”在这四个并列连词中,只有or含有这样的意思,所以应选B。
4. (2004年天津市中考试题)
John fell asleep ________ he was listening to the music.
A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as
答案:C。该题考查的是引导时间状语从句的常用从属连词的用法。本句的含义是“约翰在听音乐的时候睡着了。”表示在干某事时发生了某个事情” 通常用while。因此应选C。
【中考演练】
一. 单项填空
1. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _______ 5 o’clock ______ the morning.
A. on; in B. at; in C. at; on D. in; on
2. Where’s Lily? We are all here _______ her.
A. beside B. about C. except D. with
3. She sent her friend a postcard _______ a birthday present.
A. on B. as C. for D. of
4. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _______ the year of 2000.
A. since B. in C. on D. by
5. -What is a writing brush, do you know?
-It’s _______ writing and drawing.
A. with B. to C. for D. by
6. English is widely used ______ travellers and business people all over the world.
A. to B. for C. as D. by
7. ______ the help of my teacher, I caught up with the other students.
A. Under B. In C. With D. On
8. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China, and Macao is ______ the west of Hong Kong.
A. in; to B. to; to C. to; in D. in; in
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