第 1 页:单项选择题 |
第 3 页:多项选择题 |
第 4 页:案例分析题 |
三、案例分析题(本题型共4小题。第1小题12分,第2小题13分,第3小题13分,第4小题17分。其中第2小题可以选用英文解答,如使用中文解答,最高得分为13分;如使用英文解答,该小题须全部使用英文,最高得分为18分。本题型最高得分为60分。)
392013年10月,甲企业接到一份服装加工的订单,由于资金不足,甲企业与提供原材料的乙公司签订合同,以本企业所有的一辆奔驰轿车(价值80万元)作抵押,为应付的50万元原材料货款提供担保。双方在合同中约定:如甲企业到期不能支付货款,则该奔驰车归乙公司所有。由于双方是多年合作关系,签订抵押合同后没有办理抵押登记。
2013年11月,甲企业为购买加工设备,又以该奔驰轿车作质押向丙公司提供担保,双方签订了质押合同并移交了该奔驰车。在质押期间,丙公司的工作人员开着质押的奔驰车办理公务时与他人相撞,汽车受损被送到丁修理厂修理,共花费修理费3000元。汽车修好后,丙公司派人去提车。丁修理厂收取修理费后,要求丙公司把以前所欠的1万元汽车维修费还清,遭到丙公司的拒绝,于是丁修理厂以行使留置权为名义拒绝交车。
要求:根据以上事实并结合法律的规定,回答下列问题。
(1)甲企业与乙公司签订的抵押合同约定“甲企业到期不能支付货款,则该奔驰车归乙公司所有”的条款是否有效?并说明理由。
(2)甲企业与乙公司签订的抵押合同没有办理抵押登记,抵押权是否设立?并说明理由。
(3)如果质押有效,奔驰车的3000元的修理费应由谁承担?并说明理由。
(4)丁修理厂是否可以行使留置权?并说明理由。
答案解析:
(1)甲企业与乙公司约定的该条款无效。根据规定,抵押权人在债务履行期届满前,不得与抵押人约定债务人不履行到期债务时抵押财产归债权人所有。如果双方在合同中约定债务人不履行到期债务时,抵押财产归债权人所有,则此条款无效。
(1)The Clause stipulated by A Company and B Company is invalid.ACCording to the RealRight law of the Peop1e’S RepubliC of China,the mortgagee and the mortgagor may,prior to the expiration of the time limit for paying debts,not stipulate that the ownership of the mortgaged property will attributed to the obligee when theob1igor fails to pay its due debts.If the partiesstipulate in the ContraCt that the ownership of themortgaged property will attributed to the obligeewhen the obligor fails to pay its due debts,suchstipulation shall be invalid.
(2)甲企业与乙公司之间设立了抵押权。根据规定,当事人以《物权法》规定的生产设备、原材料、半成品、产品,正在建造的船舶、航空器,交通运输工具设定抵押,抵押权自抵押合同生效时设立。未经登记,不得对抗善意第三人。因此对这些财产是否进行抵押登记,完全由当事人决定。
(2)The mortgage right is established between A Company and B Company.ACCording to the Real Right law of the People’S RepubliC of China,where a mortgage is established,as presCribed by the Real Right law,on manufaCturing faCilities,raw materials,semi—manufaCtured goods,finished products,buildings,vessels or aircraft under Construction,or means of Communications and transportation,the mortgage right shall be established since the mortgage Contract Comes into effect;without mortgage registration,the mortgage right may not Challenge any third party with good faith.Therefore,whether to go through the mortgage registration in respect of the property shall be deCided by the parties.
(3)修理费应由丙公司承担。根据规定,质权人负有妥善保管质押财产的义务;因保管不善致使质押财产毁损、灭失的,应当承担赔偿责任。
(3)The repair Costs shall be borne by C Company.ACCording to the Real Right law of the People’S RepubliC of China,a pledgee shall be obliged tO properly keep pledged properties;and where pledged properties are damaged Or lost byvirtue of improper keeping,the pledgee shall make Compensations.
(4)丁修理厂可以行使留置权。根据规定,留置权的成立条件是:①债权人占有债务人的动产;②债权人留置的动产,应当与债权属于同一法律关系,但企业之间留置的除外;③债权已届清偿期且债务人未按规定期限履行义务。本题中的情形符合留置权成立的条件,所以丁修理厂是可以行使留置权的。
(4)D Repair Shop may exerCise the lien.ACCording to the RealRight law of the People’SRepubliC of China,effeCtive Conditions of lien onChattels inClude:①the Chattels that are ownedby the obligor are lawfully oCCupied by theobligee;②the Chattels taken as lien by theobligee and the obligee’S rights shall fall into asame legal relationship,except for the lienbetween enterprises;③the obligor fai1s to payoff its due debts.In this Case,the effectiveConditions of 1ien are met,so the lien may be ex—erCiseD.
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