2008年中考复习：初中英语动词不定式

　　1)In order not to offend people, learning about language etiquette is just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary.(p.93)

　　2)A group of young people got together to(in order to / so as to) discuss this question. (p.50)

　　to do / in order to do / so as to do用作目的状语，置句末时都可以用，置句首时只用to do / in order to do。so as to do一般不置于句首，可以引导结果状语从句，in order to do不引导结果状语从句。

　　2.原因状语，多见于“sb.+be+adj.+to do...”结构句中。如

　　1)My dogs name is “Lucky”—a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him.(p.66)

　　2)On Monday he told a radio interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes. (p.64)

　　3.结果状语，多见于“too...to”，“enough to...”结构句中。如

　　1)Then I’m too tired to do well. What should I do?(p.28)

　　2)The room needs to be big enough for three people to live in.(p.56)

　　4.有些动词不定式作状语，常说明前面形容词的性质和特性。动词不定式与句子的主语有逻辑的动宾关系。动词不定式前面的形容词一般是：cheap, dangerous, difficult, easy, fun, hard, interesting, necessary。不定式常用主动式表被动意义。

　　... the mistakes you made are necessary for you to learn and understand.(p.116)

　　这类句子中的动词不定式可改为主语。

　　5.独立动词不定式多用作插入语，表示说话人的心理状态或对事情的看法。如：

　　1)Id like to stay healthy, but to be honest, I only eat food that tastes good.(p.50)

　　2)To begin with, she spoke too quickly, and I couldn’t understand every word. (p.6)

　　七、动词不定式的复合结构

　　动词不定式的复合结构是“for / of sb. to do sth.”，for / of引出不定式动作的逻辑主语。这种结构在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。不定式复合结构的介词用for还是of，主要决定于前面形容词的性质。一般说来，of前面的形容词是careful, clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, wise等，既说明人的特性，又说明不定式动作的特性。for前面的形容词是dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, heavy, important, interesting, necessary等，一般说明不定式动作的特性，不说明人的特性。前面如果是名词用for。如Its also probably a good idea for parents to allow teenagers to study in groups during the evening. (p.22)

　　2.Zoos are terrible places for animals to live.(p.120)

　　八、带疑问词的不定式短语

　　动词不定式前面可以带疑问代词what, which, who或疑问副词how, when, where, why等。这种结构起名词的作用，在句子里用作宾语、主语、表语等，或者单独使用。要注意的是，why后面的不定式不带to。如：

　　1.用作句子的成分。

　　1)I don’t know what to try next. (p.49)(作宾语)

　　2)Where to go is not decided yet.(作主语)

　　2.单独使用时相当于一个特殊疑问句。

　　1)What to do next?(=What will we / you do next?)

　　2)Why go there?(=Why do we / you go there?)

　　九、动词不定式的否定式

　　不定式的否定式是not / never to do...，不带to的不定式的否定式是not / never do...如Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other.(p.8)

　　2.His parents tell him never to drive after drinking.