各类定语从句语法讲解

   1.什么是定语从句

　　定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

　　关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

　　关系副词有：when, where, why等。

   2.关系代词引导的定语从句

　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

　　1)who, whom, that

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

　　He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

　　2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换), 例如

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.　 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.　请递给我那本绿皮的书。

　　3)which, that

　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如

　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)

　　The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)