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  (b)(乘车)来接

  I won’t have time to come to your house but I could pick you up at theend of your road.

  我会没有时间到你家来,但是我可以到你家马路尽头接你。

  The coach stops at the principal hotels to pick up tourists,but only if theyarrange this in advance.(pick tourists up/pick them up)

  大客车到各主要的旅馆来接观光者,但条件是必须事先安排好。

  The crew of the wrecked yacht were picked up by helicopter.

  失事的游艇上的船员们被直升机救起了。

  (c)接收到无线电讯号

  Their SOS was picked up by another ship,which informed the lifeboatheadquarters.

  他们的呼救讯号被另一条船收到了,后者通知了救生艇总部。

  (d)以廉价购得,不费力地学会

  Sometimes you pick up wonderful bargains in these markets.

  在这些市场上你有时能买到很好的便宜货。

  Children usually pick up foreign languages very quickly.

  儿童通常能很快地学会外语。

  point

  point out(tr) 指示,指给……看

  As we drove through the city the guide pointed out the most importantbuildings.(pointed the buildings out/pointed them out)

  我们乘车通过市区时,导游把最重要的建筑物指给我们看。

  pull

  pull down(tr) 拆毁(指建筑物)

  Everywhere elegant old buildings are being pulled down and mediocremodern erections are being put up.(pull down houses/pull them down)

  到处都在拆毁美好的旧建筑,修建平庸的新建筑。

  pull off(tr) 搞成功(宾语常用it)

  Much to our surprise he pulled off the deal.(pulled it off)

  使我们很惊讶的是,他居然把这笔交易搞成功了。

  pull through(tr/intr) 病愈,使人病愈

  We thought she was going to die but her own will-power pulled herthrough.(tr)

  我们本以为她要死了,但是她自己的意志力帮助她活了过来。(及物动词)

  He is very ill but he’ll pull through if we look after him carefully.(intr)

  他病得很厉害,但是如果我们仔细照料他,他会病愈的。(不及物动词)

  pull up(intr) (车辆)停下

  A lay-by is a space at the side of a main road,where drivers can pull up ifthey want a rest.

  路边停车处是干道沿线供想休息的司机停车的地方。

  put

  put aside/by(tr) 保留以供将来使用(常指钱,而且前者常指为了某种目的而把钱存起来)

  He puts aside £50 a month to pay for his summer holiday.(puts itaside)

  他每个月省下50镑存着,以备暑假用。

  Don’t spend all your salary.Try to put something by each month.

  别把薪水都花了。尽量每个月存下一点。

  put away(tr) 整齐地收好(如放在抽屉或柜橱里)

  Put your toys away,children;it’s bedtime.(put away the toys/putthem away)

  孩子们,把玩具放好;该去睡了。

  put something back 放回原处,放到该放的地方

  When you’ve finished with the book put it back on the shelf.

  你看完这本书后,把它放回书架上。

  put back a clock/watch 把时针往回拨(有时是一种比喻,指恢复过去的习俗)

  Mother:Your father and I will arrange a marriage for youwhen the time comes.

  母亲:到了时候,你爸爸和我会给你安排婚事的。

  Daughter:You’re trying to put the clock back,mother.Parents don’tarrange marriages these days!(put back the clock/put it back)

  女儿:妈妈,你是想恢复过去的那一套。眼下当父母的不再为儿女安排婚事了!

  put down(tr)

  (a)放下(pick up的反义词)

  He picked up the saucepan and put it down at once because the handlewas almost red-hot.(put the saucepan down/put it down)

  他拿起了锅,马上又把它放下了,因为锅柄差不多都烧红了。

  (b)镇压起义,平息一次运动

  Troops were used to put down the rebellion.(put the rebellion down/putit down)

  动用了军队镇压起义。

  (c)写下来

  Put down his phone number before you forget it.(put the number down/put it down)

  把他的电话号码写下来,别等忘了。

  Customer(to shop assistant):I’ll take that one.Please put it down to me/to my account.

  顾客(对店员):我买那一个。请记在我的账上。

  put something down to(tr) 认为是由于……

  The children wouldn’t answer him,but he wasn’t annoyed as he put itdown to shyness.

  孩子们不肯回答,但是他不恼,因为他认为这是因为孩子们害羞。

  She hasn’t been well since she came to this country;I put it down to theclimate.

  自从来到这个国家以后她一直身体不好。我认为是由于气候的缘故。

  put forward a suggestion/proposal etc.提出建议等

  The older members of the committee are inclined to veto any suggestions put forward by the younger ones.(put a suggestion forward/put it for-ward)

  委员会的老成员们趋向于否决年轻成员们提出的任何建议。

  put forward/on clocks and watches 把钟表往前拨(put for-ward是put back的反义词)

  In March people in England put their clocks forwad/on an hour.Whensummer time ends they put them back an hour.

  英国人在3月份把时针向前拨一小时。夏时制结束时他们又把时针拨回一小时。

  put in a claim 提出权利要求

  He put in a claim for compensation because he had lost his luggage in the train crash.

  因为他在火车撞车事故中丢失了行李,他提出了赔偿损失的要求。

  put in for a job/a post 求职

  They are looking for a lecturer in geography.Why don’t you put in forit?

  他们在征聘一位地理讲师。你为什么不去求职?

  put off an action 推迟某种行动

  Some people put off making their wills till it is too late.

  有些人推迟立遗嘱的事,后来就来不及了。

  I’ll put off my visit to Scotland till the weather is warmer.(put my visitoff/put it off)

  我要把到苏格兰去访问的事推迟到天气转暖以后。

  put a person off

  (a)告诉某人推迟来访

  I had invited some guests to dinner but I had to put them off because apower cut prevented me from cooking anything.

  我本来邀请一些客人来吃饭,但是不得不告诉他们先别来了,因为停电使我无法做菜。

  (b)拒绝或推阻某人

  I wanted to see the exhibition but the queue put me off.

  我本想去看展览会,但是排队的人太多,使我不想看了。

  Many people who want to come to England are put off by the stories theyhear about English weather.

  许多想游览英国的人因为听说英国天气不好就不来了。

  put on a light/gas or electric fire/radio 打开(电灯/煤气灶或电气灶/收音机)

  Put on the light.(put the light on/put it on)

  打开灯。

  put on a play 上演一出戏

  The students usually put on a play at the end of the year.

  学生们一般都在年终上演一出戏。

  put on an expression 做出某种表情

  He put on an air of indifference,which didn’t deceive anybody for a mo-ment.

  他装出漠不关心的样子,这一点也骗不了任何人。

  put on clothes/glasses/jewellery 穿,戴(反义词是take off)

  He put on a black coat so that he would be inconspicuous.(put a coaton/put it on)

  他穿了一件黑外套,为了让自己不显眼。

  She put on her glasses and took the letter from my hand.

  她戴上了眼镜,拿过我手里的信。

  put out any kind of light or fire 熄灭(灯或火)

  Put out that light.(put the light out/put it out)

  把那灯关了。

  put someone out 使某人不便

  He is very selfish.He wouldn’t put himself out for anyone.

  他很自私。他绝不会为任何人出点力。

  be put out 感到不快

  She was very put out when I said that her new summer dress didn’t suither.

  我告诉她那件新的夏装不适合她时,她非常不高兴。

  put up(tr)

  (a)建起(房屋、纪念物、雕像等)

  He put up a shed in the garden.(put a shed up/put it up)

  他在花园里盖了一个棚子。

  (b)提价

  When the importation of foreign tomatoes was forbidden,home growersput up their prices.(put their prices up/put them up)

  禁止进口外国的西红柿以后,国内种西红柿的人就提高价钱了。

  put someone up(宾语常位于up之前) 暂时留某人住下

  If you come to Paris I will put you up.You needn’t look for a hotel.

  如果你到巴黎来,可以住在我那儿。你不必去找旅馆了。

  put someone up to something(常指某种诡计)怂恿某人去做某事,告诉某人如何做某事

  He couldn’t have thought of that trick by himself.Someone must haveput him up to it.

  他自己是想不出那个计谋的。一定是有人教他这么做的。

  put up with(tr) 容忍

  We had to put up with a lot of noise when the children were at home.

  我们不得不忍受孩子们在家时的吵闹。

  ring

  ring off(intr) 挂断电话

  He rang off before I could ask his name.

  没等我问他的名字,他就把电话挂断了。

  ring up(tr/intr) 打电话给某人

  I rang up the theatre to book seats for tonight.(rang the theatre up/rangthem up)

  我给剧院打了电话,预购今晚的票。

  If you can’t come ring up and let me know.

  你要是来不了,请打电话让我知道一声。

  round

  round up(tr)(把人或动物)撵到一起

  The sheepdog rounded up the sheep and drove them through the gate.

  牧羊犬把羊撵到了一起,把它们赶过栅门。

  On the day after the riots the police rounded up all suspects/rounded them up.

  暴乱后的那一天,警方把嫌疑者都抓起来了。

  rub

  rub out(tr) 用擦子或橡皮把字迹擦掉

  The child wrote down the wrong word and then rubbed it out.(rubbed the word out/rubbed out the word)

  孩子写错了一个字,又把它擦掉了。

  rub up(tr) 复习,温习某项知识

  I am going to France;I must rub up my French.(rub it up)

  我要去法国了。我得把法语温习一下。

  run

  run after(to)追逐(参见下面的例句)

  run away(intr) 逃跑,出走(离开家庭、学校等)

  The thief ran away and the policeman ran after him.

  小偷逃跑了,警察追了去。

  He ran away from home and got a job in a garage.

  他离家出走,在一家汽车修理站里找了个工作。

  run away with(tr)(感情)变得不可控制,(马匹)奔逸

  Don’t let your emotions run away with you.

  不要听任感情失控。

  His horse ran away with him and he had a bad fall.

  他骑的马狂奔起来,他摔得不轻。

  run away with the idea 过分匆促地接受某种想法

  Don’t run away with the idea that I am unsociable;I just haven’t timeto go out much.

  不要轻信我不爱同人交往的说法;我只不过是没有时间经常外出而已。

  run down(tr) 诋毁,说……的坏话

  He is always running down his neighbours.(running his neighbours down/running them down)

  他总是在说邻居的坏话。

  run down(intr) 发条松了,电池没有电

  This torch is useless;the battery has run down.

  这电筒没有用;电池没有电了。

  be run down(intr)(由于生病或工作过度而)身体坏了

  He is still run down after his illness and unfit for work.

  他病后仍然体力不佳,不适合工作。

  run into(tr) 撞上(车辆等)

  The car skidded and ran into a lamp-post.

  汽车打滑,撞上了电线竿。

  run into/across someone 偶然遇见(某人)

  I ran into my cousin in Harrods recently.

  我最近在哈洛德百货商店遇见了我表弟。

  run out of(tr) 用光,吃喝无余

  I have run out of milk.Put some lemon in your tea instead.

  我没有牛奶了。你在茶里放点柠檬吧。

  run over(tr)(车辆)轧过

  The drunk man stepped into the road right in front of the oncoming car.

  The driver couldn’t stop in time and ran over him.

  醉汉走到马路上,正好到了开过来的汽车前面。司机来不及停车,从他身上轧过去了。

  run over(tr/intr) 溢出

  He turned on both taps full and left the bathroom.When he came backhe found that the water was running over/running over the edge of thebath.

  他把两个水龙头开到头,就走出了浴室。回来时他发现水已经溢出来了/溢出浴盆边沿了。

  run over/through(tr) 迅速地复习,检查,重读一下

  We’ve got a few minutes before the train goes,so I’ll just run throughyour instructions again.

  火车开车以前还剩几分钟,所以我要再重复一下给你们的指示。

  run through(tr) 极度浪费(指供应品或钱)

  He inherited a fortune and ran through it in a year.

  他继承了一大笔财产,一年之内就挥霍光了。

  run up bills 由于不断赊购而积累起许多帐单

  Her husband said that she must pay for things at once and not run upbills.

  她丈夫说她得用现款购物,不该积起厚厚一叠帐单。

  run up against difficulties/opposition 遭遇困难/反对

  If he tries to change the rules of the club he will run up against a lot ofopposition.

  如果他想改变俱乐部的章程,就会遇到很多反对意见。

  see

  see about(tr) 过问并安排

  I must see abut getting a room ready for him.

  我得去给他设法准备好一个房间。

  see somebody off 送人离去(上车、船、飞机等)

  The station was crowded with boys going back to school and parents whowere seeing them off.

  车站里挤满了要回学校上学的男孩子们和送他们的家长们。

  see somebody out 送(某人)出门

  When guests leave the host usually sees them out.

  客人走时,主人通常送出门。

  Don’t bother to come to the door with me.I can see myself out.

  不用费力送我出去。我可以自己出去。

  see over a house/a building 看房(常是为买房或租房准备)

  I’m definitely interested in the house.I’d like to see over it.

  我肯定对这所房子感兴趣。我想去看一下这房子。

  see through(tr) 看透(发现想骗人的那人心中的想法)

  She pretended that she loved him but he saw through her,and realizedthat she was only after his money.

  她假装爱他,可是他把她看透了,明白她只是看上了他的钱。(他没有被他/她的假装骗了。参见take in。)

  see to(tr)安排,修好,纠正

  If you can provide the wine I’ll see to the food.

  你要是能提供葡萄酒,我来负责食品。

  That electric fire isn’t safe.You should have it seen to.

  那个电炉不安全。你得找人修一下。

  Please see to it that the door is locked.

  请留意一下把门锁好。

  sell

  sell off(tr) 廉价抛售以卖尽存货

  Assistant:This line is being discontinued so we are selling off the remainder of our stock;that’s why they are so cheap.(selling the rest off/selling it off)

  店员:这条生产线已停止了,所以我们在廉价出售存货;因此价格很便宜。

  sell out(intr) 出清,售完

  When all the seats for a certain performance have been booked,theatresput a notice saying‘Sold out’outside the booking office.

  某场演出票已订光时,剧院常在票房外面贴个通知:“票已售完”。

  send

  be sent down(intr) 由于行为不端被大学开除

  He behaved so badly in college that he was sent down and never got hisdegree.

  他在大学里行为极为恶劣,以致被开除了,从未拿到学位。

  send for(tr) 派人找来

  One of our water pipes has burst.We must send for the plumber.

  我们有个自来水管漏水了,得找水管工来。

  The director sent for me and asked for an explanation.

  院长把我找去了,要求我做出解释。

  send in(tr) 寄送到某人处(此人不必说出,因为听话的人早已知道)

  You must send in your application before Friday.(send your applicationin/send it in)

  你必需在星期五以前把申请书送上去。

  send on(tr) 转交,转递,转寄

  If any letters come for you after you have gone I will send them on.(sendon your letters/send your letters on)

  如果你走了以后有你的信,我会转寄给你的。

  set

  set in(intr) 开始(常指一段令人不愉快的时期)

  Winter has set in early this year.

  今年的冬季开始得早。

  set off(tr) 开始(一系列事件),引发

  That strike set off a series of strikes throughout the country.(set themoff)

  那一次罢工引发了全国一系列的罢工。

  set off/out(intr) 动身,上路

  They set out/off at six and hoped to arrive before dark.

  他们在6点钟动身,希望在天黑以前到。

  如果提到了目的地,则要用介词for引导

  They set out/off for Rome.

  他们动身上罗马去了。

  set out+不定式 开始,以……为目的(常带show指给看/prove证明/explain解释或其他类似动词的不定式)

  In this book the author sets out to prove that the inhabitants of the islandscame from South America.

  在本书中意图证明这些岛的居民来自南美洲。

  set up(tr) 创立(纪录)

  He set up a ner record for the 1,000 metres.(set a new record up/set itup)

  他创下了千米赛跑的新纪录。

  set up(intr) 开办(新商号)

  When he married he left his father’s shop and set up on his own.

  

  他结婚后离开了他父亲的商店,自己开一家店。

  settle

  settle down(intr) 安居下来,安顿下来,安于新的地方/职业等

  He soon settled down in his new school.

  他在新的学校里很快就习惯了。

  settle up(intr) 付清欠款

  Tell me what I owe you and I’ll settle up.

  告诉我我欠你多少钱,我会付清的。

  shout

  shout down(tr) 高声喊叫,不让演讲人说话,哄台

  Tom tried to make a speech defending himself but the crowd wouldn’tlisten to his explanation and shouted him down.

  汤姆想讲话为自己辩护,可是人群不肯听他的解释,把他哄下去了。

  The moderate speakers were shout down.

  那些主张克制的演讲者们被哄下去了。

  show

  show off(tr/intr) 炫耀,引人注目

  Although Jules speaks English perfectly,my cousin spoke French to himall the time just to show off.

  虽说儒尔英语说得很好,我表妹一直跟他说法语以便炫耀一番。

  He is always picking up very heavy things just to show off his strength.(show it off)

  他常拿起很重的东西以显示自己的力气。

  shut

  shut down(tr/intr) 关闭(参见close down)

  sit

  sit back(intr) 放松,不动手,不干活

  I have worked hard all my life and now I’m going to sit back and watchother people working.

  我这辈子一直努力干,现在要轻松轻松,看着别人干了。

  sit up(intr) 坐着熬夜,过了点而不去睡(常指因阅读、工作或等人)

  I was very worried when he didn’t come in and I sat up till 3 a.m.wait-ing for him.

  他没回家,我很担心,一直不去睡而等到凌晨3点钟。

  She sat up all night with the sick child.

  她整夜陪着生病的孩子没有睡。

  stand

  stand by someone(tr) 继续支持并帮助某人,为某人撑腰

  No matter what happens I’ll stand by you,so don’t be afraid.

  不管发生什么事我都支持你,别怕。

  stand for(tr) 代表

  The symbol‘x’usually stands for the unknown quantity in mathematics.

  在数学中,“x”这个符号常代表未知数。

  stand for Parliament 竞选议员

  Mr Pitt stood for Parliament five years ago but he wasn’t elected.

  皮特先生五年前曾竞选议员职位,可是没有当选。

  stand out(intr) 易于看到,显眼

  She stood out from the crowd because of her height and her flaming red hair.

  由于她个子高,又长了一头火红的头发,她站在人群里很显眼。

  stand up for(tr) 为……辩护

  His father blamed him,but his mother stood up for him and said that hehad acted sensibly.

  他爸爸责怪他,可是他妈妈为他辩护,说他做得有道理。

  Why don’t you stand up for yourself?

  你为什么不为自己辩护?

  tand up to(tr) 抗拒,不屈服

  This type of building stands up to the gales very well.

  这种建筑很能抗拒大风。

  Your boss is a bully.If you don’t stand up to him he’ll lead you a dog’slife.

  你的老板是个仗势欺人之辈。你要是向他屈服,他会把你欺负死。

  stay

  stay up(intr) 过时不睡(通常为了娱乐)

  Children never want to go to bed at the proper time;they always want tostay up late.

  孩子们总是不想按时上床睡觉;他们老是想晚点睡。

  step

  step up(tr) 增速,加快(常指工业生产等)

  This new machine will step up production.(step it up)

  这台新机器将使生产加快。

  take

  be taken aback(intr) 感到惊讶失措

  I was taken aback when I saw the bill.

  我看到帐单时大吃一惊。

  take after(tr)长得像(父母、祖父母等)

  He takes after his grandmother;she had red hair too.

  他长得像他的祖母。他祖母也是红头发。

  My father was forgetful and I take after him;I forget everything.

  我爸爸爱忘事儿,而我就像他。我什么都忘。

  take back(tr) 收回(所说的话、指责等)

  I blamed him bitterly at first but later,when I heard the whole story,Irealized that he had been right and I went to him and took back my re-marks.(took them back)

  起初我痛切地指责他,但是后来当我知道了事情的全部情况时,就明白他是对的,所以我去找他收回我说的话。

  take down(tr) 写下来(常指听写)

  He read out the names and his secretary took them down.(took down thenames/took the names down)

  他把人名念出来,他的秘书则把那些名字记下来。

  take for(tr) 错认

  I took him for his brother.They are extremely alike.

  我把他错认成他的兄弟了。他俩长得像极了。

  Do you take me for a fool?

  你难道把我当成傻子不成?

  take in(tr)

  (a)欺骗,骗而使信:

  At first he took us in by his stories and we tried to help him;but later welearnt that his stories were all lies.

  起初他编的那些故事使我们相信他了,我们还想帮助他;可后来我们听说那全是谎话。

  (b)接待,收留住下

  When our car broke down I knocked on the door of the nearest house.

  The owner very kindly took us in and gave us a bed for the night.

  我们的汽车坏了时,我敲最近的一家人家的门。房主很好心地收留了我们,给我们一张床过夜。

  People who live by the sea often take in paying guests during the sum-mer.(take paying guests in/take them in)

  住在海滨的人常在夏天留游客住宿,挣一些房钱。

  (c)理解,(思想上)接受

  I was thinking of something else while she was speaking and I didn’t re-ally take in what she was saying.

  她说话时我在想别的事,并没有真正理解她说的话。

  I couldn’t take in the lecture at all.It was too difficult for me.(couldn’ttake it in)

  讲座我完全听不懂。它对我来说太难了。

  (d)改窄,改瘦(指衣服)

  I’m getting much thinner;I’ll have to take in my clothes.(take my clothes in/take them in)

  我瘦多了,得把衣服改瘦。

  take off(tr) 取下,脱下,褪去(指衣服时为put on的反义词)

  He took off his coat when he entered the house and put it on again whenhe went out.(took his coat off/took it off)

  他进屋时脱下了外衣,出屋时又把它穿上了。

  take off(intr) (飞机等)起飞,离地升空

  There is often a spectators balcony at airports where people can watchthe planes taking off and landing.

  机场常设有看台,供人们观看飞机起飞降落。

  take on

  (a)承担工作

  She wants someone to look after her children.I shouldn’t care to take onthe job.They are very spoilt.(take the job on/take it on)

  她想找人给她照料孩子。我可不想承担这份工作。她的孩子们都被宠坏了。

  (b)雇用,招工

  They’re taking on fifty new workers at the factory.

  这家工厂要招收50名新工人。

  (c)接受某人为对手,应战

  I’ll take you on at table tennis.

  我跟你打一局乒乓球试试。

  I took on Mr Pitt at draughts.(took Mr Pitt on/took him on)

  我接受皮特先生的应战,跟他下国际象棋。

  take out(tr) 除去,清除

  Petrol will take out that stain.(take the stain out/take it out)

  汽油能除去那块污渍。

  The dentist took out two of her teeth.

  牙科医生给她拔去两颗牙。

  take somebody out 请人到外面去吃饭娱乐

  Her small boy is at boarding school quite near here.I take him out everymonth.

  她的小男孩在离这儿很近的地方上寄宿学校。我每个月带他出来吃顿饭。

  take over(tr/intr) 接受,接手,接管

  We stop work at ten o’clock and the night shift takes over until the fol-lowing morning.

  我们10点钟停止工作,夜班接班一直工作到第二天早上。

  Miss Smith is leaving to get married and Miss Jones will be taking overthe class/Miss Jones will be taking over from Miss Smith.

  史密斯小姐要离职去结婚了,琼斯小姐将接手管理她的班级。(参见hand over。)

  take to(tr)

  (a)开始养成习惯。它常给人一种印象,即说话人认为这种习惯是坏习惯或是有点愚蠢的习惯,但也并非一定如此。后面常带动名词

  He took to drink.

  他开始喝酒上瘾了。

  He took to borrowing money from the petty cash.

  他开始有了从小额现款中“借”用零用现金的习惯。

  (b)对某人有好感,被(某物)所吸引(特别是首次见到时)

  I was introduced to the new headmistress yesterday.I can’t say I took toher.

  我被介绍给新来的女校长。我很难说我对她有好感。

  He went to sea and took to the life like a duck to water.

  他当海员去了,就像鸭子爱水一样爱上了这种生活。

  (c)进入……似求逃命

  When they saw that the ship was sinking the crew took to the boats.

  船员们看到船要下沉了,就上了救生船以求逃命。

  After the failure of the coup many of the rebels took to the hills and be-came guerillas.

  政变失败后,许多反叛的人上山打游击去了。

  take up(tr)

  (a)开始一种业余爱好、运动或学习(这里没有批评的意思)

  He took up golf and became very keen on it.(took it up)

  他玩起了高尔夫球,并且变得很热衷于其中。

  (b)占有(时间或空间)

  He has a very small room and most of the space is taken up by a grandpiano.

  他住一个很小的房间,房间里一多半地方被一台大三角钢琴占去了。

  A lot of an MP’s time is taken up with answering letters from his con-stituents.

  国会议员要花不少时间给他的选民写回信。

  talk

  talk over(tr)讨论

  Talk it over with your wife and give me your answer tomorrow.(talkover my suggestion/talk my suggestion over)

  你和你夫人把这件事好好谈一下,明天给我个回音。

  think

  think over(tr) 考虑

  I can’t decide straight away but I’ll think over your idea and let youknow what I decide.(think your idea over/think it over)

  我眼下没法决定,可是我会把你的想法好好想一下,再让你知道我的决定。

  throw

  throw away/out(tr) 扔掉,抛弃(废物等)

  Throw away those old shoes.Nobody could wear them now.(throw theshoes away/throw them away)

  把那些旧鞋都扔掉。现在谁也不会穿它们。

  throw up(tr) 突然放弃(某种工作或计划)

  He suddenly got tired of the job and threw it up.(he threw up the job/threw the job up)

  他忽然厌倦了这个工作,就不干了。

  tie

  tie someone up 捆住某人手脚使不能动弹

  The thieves tied up the night watchman before opening the safe.(tied the man up/tied him up)

  盗匪在开保险柜之前将值夜班的警卫捆了起来。

  try

  try on(tr) 试穿(衣物)

  Customer in dress shop:I like this dress.Could I try it on?(try thisdress on/try on this dress)

  服装店中的顾客:我喜欢这件衣服。能试穿一下吗?

  try out(tr) 试验

  We won’t know how the plan works till we have tried it out.

  我们要到试验过这个计划以后才能知道它的效果如何。

  They are trying out new ways of preventing noise in hospitals.(tryingthem out)

  人们在试验使用新的方法阻止医院里的噪音。

  turn

  turn away(tr) 拒之门外,阻挡在门外

  The man at the door turned away anybody who hadn’t an invitation card.(turned them away)

  站在门口的这个人把没有请帖的人都拒之门外。

  turn down(tr) 拒绝,不批谁,拒不接受建议、申请、申请的人等

  I applied for the job but they turned me down/turned down my applica-tion because I didn’t know German.

  我申请这个职务,但是他们拒绝了我/我的申请,因为我不懂德语。

  He was offered £500 for the picture but he turned it down.(turneddown the offer/turned the offer down)

  人家提出要以500镑买他那幅画,但他拒绝了。

  turn in(intr) 上床睡觉(主要为海员、露营者等所用)

  The captain turned in,not realizing that the icebergs were so close.

  船长上床睡觉了,没有意识到冰山已靠得这么近了。

  turn into(tr) 转换为,变为

  I am going to turn my garage into a playroom for the children.

  我要把车库改建为孩子们的游戏室。

  She turned the silver candlestick into a reading lamp.

  她把这个银烛台改成了一盏阅读灯。

  turn on(tr)(重音在turn上)突然袭击(袭击者常是朋友或

  一头过去表示友好的野兽)

  The tigress turned on the trainer and struck him to the ground.

  雌虎突然袭击驯虎人,把他打倒在地。

  turn on/off(tr) 开/关(电灯、煤气、炉灶、收音机、水龙头等)turn out(tr)

  (a)生产,产出

  The creamery turns out two hundred tons of butter a week.(turns it out)这家奶制品厂每周生产200吨黄油。

  (b)逐出,翻出,腾空

  1 turn a person out 将人逐出家屋/套房/居室

  At one time,if tenants didn’t pay their rent the landlord could turn themout.

  从前,如果房客付不起房租,房东可以把他们赶出去。

  2 turn out one’s pockets/handbags/drawers etc.

  将衣袋/手提包/抽屉等翻空,常是为了寻找某物

  ‘Turn out your pockets,’said the detective.

  侦探说:“把你口袋里的东西都翻出来。”

  3 turn out a room 彻底打扫,先将家具搬出去

  I try to turn out one room every month if I have time.

  我尽量在有工夫的时候每个月彻底打扫一个房间。

  turn out(intr)

  (a)集合,上街(常是为了某人)

  The whole town turned out to welcome the winning football team whenthey came back with the Cup.

  得胜的足球队捧着奖杯凯旋而归时,城里人万人空巷地他们。

  (b)发展,变化,结果

  I’ve never made Yorkshire pudding before so I am not quite sure how it isgoing to turn out.

  我以前从来没有做过约克郡布丁,因此我不知道这一次做出来的会结果如何。

  Marriages arranged by marriage bureaux frequently turn out well.由婚姻介绍所安排的婚姻结果常常美满。

  (c)原来是……(注意有两种结构:it turned out that…和he turned out to be…)

  He told her that he was a bachelor but it turned out that he was marriedwith six children.

  他告诉她说他是单身汉,可事实证明他原来已经结婚了,有六个孩子。

  Our car broke down half way through the journey but the hiker we hadpicked up turned out to be an expert mechanic and was able to put thingsright.

  我们的汽车走到半路坏了,可是路上搭我们便车的那人敢情是个熟练的修车工,把车给修好了。

  注意turn out与come out不同。用turn out时,后来所发现的事总是要说出来的,而且也并不暗示这事是坏事。用come out时,只告诉人说某些事实已经被揭露了(这些事实常是名声不好的),但不说明这些事实的内容。

  turn over(tr)翻过来

  He turned over the stone.(turned the stone over/turned it over)

  他把石头翻了过来。

  The initials‘PTO’at the bottom of a page mean‘Please turn over’.

  在一页下端的首字母缩写“PTO”意思是“请看背面”。

  ‘Turn over a new leaf.’

  “翻开新的一页。”(再次开始,痛改前非。)

  turn over(intr)

  (a)翻转(指车、船等交通工具)

  The car struck the wall and turned over.

  汽车撞到墙上,翻了个个儿。

  The canoe turned over,throwing the boys into the water.

  独木舟翻了,把男孩子们抛入水中。

  (b)翻身(指人)

  It is difficult to turn over in a hammock.

  睡吊床时翻身很困难。

  When his alarm went off he just turned over and went to sleep again.

  他的闹钟响时,他只是翻了个身,又睡着了。

  turn up/down(tr) 开大/关小,增加/减小压力、力量、容量、音量等(指煤气、石油、灯火、炉灶、或收音机等)

  Turn up the gas;it is much too low.

  把煤气灶开大一些,火太小了。

  I wish the people in the next flat would turn down their radio.You canhear every word.(turn the sound down/turn it down)

  我真希望隔壁套房里的人家能把收音机音量调小些。你都能听到每个字。

  turn up(intr) 出现,到来(通常是从等待或搜寻的人的角度来讲)

  We arranged to meet at the station but she didn’t turn up.

  我们商量好在车站见面,可是她没有露面。

  Don’t bother to look for my umbrella;it will turn up some day.

  别费心找我的伞了;它迟早会自己出来的。

  wait

  wait on(tr) 伺候,上饭菜(在家里或在饭馆里)

  He expected his wife to wait on him hand and foot.

  他指望他妻子跑前跑后地伺候他。

  The man who was waiting on us seemed very inexperienced;he got allour orders mixed up.

  那个给我们服务的人好像很缺乏经验,把我们叫的菜全搞混了。

  walk

  walk out(intr) 大步走出去,退场(因为愤怒、不满或讨厌等)

  Some people were so disgusted with the play that they walked out in themiddle of the first act.

  有些人对这剧感到非常厌恶,以致在第一幕演到一半时就退场了。

  wash

  wash up(tr/intr)(在饭后)洗碗碟餐具

  When we have dinner very late we don’t wash up till the next morning.

  (wash up the dishes/wash them up)

  我们晚饭要是吃得很晚,就把碗碟放到第二天早上再洗。

  watch

  watch out(intr) 当心,留神,注意

  watch out for(tr) 留意,小心提防,注意寻找(参见look outfor)

  wear

  wear away(intr) 逐渐磨损或磨平,磨蚀出凹痕(常指木、石等,而且主语常为风雨等自然力或踏踩、拭抚此的人等)

  It is almost impossible to read the inscription on the monument as most ofthe letters have been worn away.

  由于多数的字母久经风雨,纪念碑上的铭文已经无法卒读了。

  wear off(intr) 逐渐消失(可以按字面意义使用,但主要用来指体力或精神上的感觉)

  These glasses may seem uncomfortable at first but that feeling will soonwear off.

  这副眼镜可能起初戴着不舒服,但是那种感觉逐渐就会没有了。

  When her first feeling of shyness had worn off she started to enjoy her-self.

  她开头的羞涩感逐渐消失时,她便开始玩得高兴起来。

  He began to try to sit up,which showed us that the effects of the drugwere wearing off.

  他开始试图坐起身来,这向我们表明药力正在消退。

  wear out(tr/intr)

  (a)(tr)用到无法再用为止;(intr)由于经常使用而破损,不能再用(常用于衣物)

  Children wear out their shoes very quickly.(wear their shoes out/wear them out)

  孩子穿鞋时破得很快。

  Cheap clothes wear out quickly.

  便宜的衣服破得快。

  (b)(tr)使疲惫,耗竭(指人;常用被动态)

  He worked all night and wanted to go on working the next day,but wesaw that he was completely worn out and persuaded him to stop.

  他干了个通宵,还想第二天接着干,可是我们看到他已经筋疲力尽,就劝他停止工作。

  wind

  wind up(tr/intr)(使)结束(常指演讲或业务过程)

  The headmaster wound up(the meeting)by thanking the parents.

  (wound the meeting up/wound it up)

  校长以向家长们表示感谢结束了这次会议。

  wipe

  wipe out(tr) 消灭,彻底毁坏

  The epidemic wiped out whole families.(wiped whole families out/wiped them out)

  这次瘟疫使许多人家绝户了。

  work

  work out(tr) 通过运算或研究取得某问题的解决或处理方法,研究并决定某一计划的细节

  He used his calculator to work out the cost.(work the cost out)

  他用计算器算出了需支付多少钱。

  Tell me where you want to go and I’ll work out a route.

  你告诉我你想上哪儿,我就会给你安排出一条路线来。

  This is the outline of the plan.We want the committee to work out the details.(work them out)

  这就是计划的提纲。我们想让委员会商议出细节来。

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