(五)动词虚拟语气
I. 要点
1、 虚拟语气的构成
注:如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had, should, could有时可将if省去, 但要倒装。如:
Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.
2、 虚拟语气在各种从句的应用
(1) 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等,其谓语形式是"should(可省) +动词原形",常用于以下三种句型中。
句型一:It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…
句型二:It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…
句型三:It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…
如: It is strange that he (should) have done that.
It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.
It is requested that we (should) be so careless.
(2) 在宾语从句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等动词后的宾语从句中,表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如:
I suggest that we (should) go swimming.
(3) 在表语从句中,表示间接的命令,要求、请求、建议、决定等,主句中的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如:
His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
(4) 在同位语从句中,谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如:
We received order that the work be done at once.
(5) 在It is time that…句型中,其谓语动词形式是"动词的过去式"或
"should +动词原形",should不可省。如:It