arbitrary1adj. 随心所欲的;专横的,独断的
语境记忆The choice of players for the team seems completely arbitrary.
队员的挑选似乎完全是主观决定的。
搭 配an arbitrary interpretation武断的解释
an arbitrary decision 专横的决定declinevi. 下降,倾斜;衰弱,衰落;减少,降低vt.拒绝,谢绝n. 衰退,衰落
语境记忆The company has gone into a decline because of falling demand.
由于市场需求下降,这家公司的生意每况愈下。
arbitrarydeclinegazeHe declines to predict if his film will capture the hearts and minds of a larger audience.
他拒绝预测他的电影是否能够赢得广大观众的青睐。
辨 异reject, refuse, decline:
reject 指以否定、敌对的态度而当面拒绝;
refuse 指坚决、果断或坦率地拒绝;
decline指较正式地、有礼貌地谢绝。gaze6v.& n. (与on,at ,upon连用)注视,盯
语境记忆She gazed at me in disbelief when I told her the news.
我告诉她这消息时,她以怀疑的目光注视着我。搭 配fix one’s gaze upon 盯着看
gaze at 盯着,愕然注目
辨 异gaze,stare:
gaze盯着,由于喜欢,有兴趣而注视;
stare由于惊讶而做出,惊奇地凝视,瞪视。identical6adj. 完全相同的,相等的;同一的
语境记忆They’re wearing identical clothes.
他们穿着完全相同的衣服。搭 配be identical with与……相同
identical in 在……方面是相同的
辨 异equal, identical, same:
equal“相等的”,特指数量、地位、价值等相同;
identical强调完完全全的相同,等于the very same;
same“相同的”,比identical的用法更为自由。alert9adj.警觉的,警惕的;活跃的,机灵的vt.向……报警,使警惕;使认识到n.警戒;警报
identicalalertbehalfbulk语境记忆Police warned the public to be on the alert for suspected terrorists.
警方警告群众警惕涉嫌的恐怖分子。
搭 配be alert to sth.对某物警惕
alert sb.to sth.提醒某人注意某事
on(the)alert警戒着,防备着,密切注意着behalfn.利益,维护,支持
语境记忆Eyes are the spokesmen on behalf of love.
眼睛是爱情的代言人。
The legal guardian must act on behalf of the child.
法定监护人应该维护这个孩子的利益。
搭 配in/on behalf of 为了,代表
bulkn. 物体,(大)块;体积,容积;主体,大批,大量v.变得越来越大(重要)vt.使更大(更厚)
语境记忆The war still bulks large in the memories of those who fought in it.
对于那些曾参战的人来说,那场战争仍记忆犹新。
搭 配in bulk 散装;大批,大量
by bulk 估堆(计算)
bulk up 发胀,涌起,胀大chipn.薄片,碎片;集成电路块;(pl.)炸土豆条(或片);瑕疵v.切碎,破碎
语境记忆The paint has chipped off where the table touches the wall.
桌子接触墙壁的地方漆皮已剥落。
chipcollapsedevelopelaborateexcitecollapsev. 倒塌,塌下;崩溃,突然失败n. 失败,衰弱
语境记忆Share prices collapsed after the news of poor trading figures.
交易数额不佳使股票价格暴跌。
developvt.发展;形成,显现出;开发,研制;冲照片;详尽阐述,发挥vi.生长,发育;发展,扩展
语境记忆The site is being developed by a London property company.
这个场地正在由伦敦的一家地产公司开发利用。
Young people should be encouraged to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills.
应该鼓励年轻人和他们的同龄人交往,发展他们的交际能力。
We are concerned to develop the ability of all our students to the full.
我们所关注的是充分全面地发挥学生的能力。
搭 配developed countries 发达国家
undeveloped countries 不发达国家
developing countries 发展中国家elaborate2adj.复杂的,精心制作的v. 详尽,阐述,发挥
语境记忆Please elaborate your plan.
请做出详细的计划。
搭 配elaborate on 对……详细说明
记忆方法elaboration n.精心策划,详细阐述;elaborative adj.精心策划的,详细阐述的excite18vt.使兴奋;激起,引起
语境记忆The recent discoveries have excited great interest among doctors.
最近的多项发现引起医生们的极大兴趣。
fatal6adj.致命的,毁灭性的;重大的,决定性的
语境记忆His illness was fatal to our plans; it caused them to fail.
他生病后我们的计划就落空了。
fatalformalguardhostileinferior
辨 异fateful, fatal:
fateful 命运攸关的,决定性的,如 a fateful decision 关系重大的决定;
fatal 致命的,毁灭性的,如 a fatal disease 不治之症。formaladj.礼仪的,外形的;正式的
语境记忆The job does not require any formal training.
做这种工作不需要任何正规训练。
辨 异formalize, formality:
formalize v. 使形式化;
formality n. 礼节,拘泥于形式。guard6vt.守卫,保卫vi. (与against连用)防止,防范n. 警卫员,哨兵;守卫,保卫
语境记忆Tooth paste with fluorine can effectively guard against tooth decay.
含氟牙膏能有效防止蛀牙。
搭 配keep guard 守望
off (one’s) guard 没有提防地
on one’s guard 留心着
on (one’s) guard 值班,提防hostileadj.敌方的,敌对的;不友善的
语境记忆It was very strange how hostile she was to all the beautiful girls approaching her husband.
很奇怪,她对所有接近丈夫的漂亮女孩都心存敌意。
inferior2n.下级,晚辈 adj. 下属的,低级的;低劣的
语境记忆Pay less,and you get an inferior product.
便宜没好货。
As is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.
众所周知,假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。
搭 配be inferior to 低于……,不如……
inferior by comparison 相形见绌
be sb.’s inferior in 在……方面不及某人internal5adj. 内部的;国内的,内政的;内在的,固有的
语境记忆There’s to be an internal inquiry into the whole affair.
对整件事情将进行内部调查。
internallaunchmechanismmatch搭 配internal relations 内在联系
internal affairs /policy 国内事务,内政/对内政策
internal medicine 内科学launch2vt.发射,投射,投掷;使(船)下水;发动(战争等),发起n. 发射,(船)下水
语境记忆The launch of their new saloon received much media coverage.
他们投产的新轿车广获传媒报道。
搭 配launch an attack 开始攻击
launch a new enterprise 创办一个新企业mechanismn.机械装置,机构;机制,机理;办法,途径
语境记忆The shell of my watch is transparent and the mechanisms inside can be seen.
我的手表外壳是透明的,可以看见里面的机械装置。
记忆方法mechanics n.力学,机械制造学
mechanical adj.机械的,机械般的,习惯性的match11n.对手;相配之物;比赛,竞赛;火柴v. 比赛,较量;(使)相等,相匹敌;相配,相称
语境记忆The curtains and the carpets match perfectly.
窗帘和地毯十分谐调。
Players have been known to cover more than six kilometers in a single match.
选手们在一场比赛中奔跑的路程要超过6千米。
搭 配match…for… 与……相匹配
match against with 使与……相竞争
match to 使和……相等negativeadj.否定的;消极的;反面的,反的;阴性的,负的n.底片;负数
语境记忆She answered in the negative.
她做出否定的回答。
Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.
尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献,然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。
negativeobligationpanic
搭 配negative attitude 消极的态度
negative vote 反对票
negative sign 负号obligation5n.义务,职责,责任
语境记忆We attended the party more out of a sense of obligation than anything else.
我们参加那个聚会是迫于人情,而并无别的原因。
辨 异obligation,duty:
obligation 指道义或法律上的义务;
duty指道义上的责任。panicn. 惊慌,恐慌v. 使恐慌
语境记忆 For this chickensuited sower of panic, it’s not the sky that is collapsing but the social security system.
对于这位一身“鸡装”的恐慌散布者来说,要塌下来的不是天而是美国社会保障体系。
搭 配in a panic 在惊慌中
be seized with panic 惊慌失措peer2n. 同龄之人,同辈;贵族vi. 盯,凝视,盯着看
语境记忆He doesn’t spend enough time with his peers.
他不大与其同龄人交往。
press9vt. 压,按,揿;压迫,压榨;催促,逼迫 n. 报刊,报社,杂志;压力机,压榨机,印刷机;压,按,揿;出版社,通讯社
peerpressrarelyscandalthread语境记忆My boot is pressing against a blister on my toe.
我的靴子挤压了我脚趾上的水泡。
搭 配press for 紧急要求
press sb. to do sth. 敦促某人做某事
press box 记者席
press conference 记者招待会rarely5adv. 很少,难得
语境记忆 He rarely had time to prepare for his next event.
他几乎没有时间来准备他的下一步活动。
An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong.
用免费这个迷人字眼作为广告开头的很少会失败。
记忆方法rarefy v. 使变稀薄,稀释;rarity n. 少有,稀罕scandaln. 丑行,丑闻;诽谤,诋毁;反感,愤慨
语境记忆 There is anger in government that the home team’s doping scandals and a tourism slump are ruining Greece’s image.
本国运动员的兴奋剂丑闻和旅游业的低靡破坏了希腊的形象,这使希腊政府十分恼火。
搭 配spread scandal 散布流言蜚语
be the scandal of 使震惊,使不悦thread2n. 细丝,线,纤维;线状物;思路,头绪,线索,脉络;螺纹vt.用线穿起……;通过
语境记忆A thread of light emerged from the keyhole.
从钥匙孔透出一线亮光。搭 配thread one’s way through (小心地)挤过,走过
记忆方法fibre 纤维;thread 线;string 细绳;cord 绳;rope粗绳
1.The nurse on duty was very for any sign of change in the critically ill patient.
A.sympatheticB.alertC.considerateD.cautious
2.How much of your countrys electrical supply is from water power?
A. deducedB. derivedC. detachedD. declined
3.Ihis offer and said“Thank you all the same”.
A.refutedB.declinedC.traversedD.reclaimed
4.The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her attitude toward customers.
A.impartialB.mildC.hostileD.opposing
5.40 inches iswith 3 feet 4 inches.
A.identicalB.parallelC.equivalentD.equal
6.The shop assistant was straight with his customers.If an article was ofquality he’d tell them so.
A.humble B.awkwardC.minorD.inferior
7.Sheat the neighbors from behind the curtain.
A.aimed B.indicatedC.hintedD.peered
8.If this appears in the newspapers, it will ruin his political career.
A.receiptB.revenueC.scandalD.recipe
9.The lawyer made a great impression on the jury.
A.protecting B.guardingC.defending D.shielding
10.There is supposed to be a safetywhich makes it impossible for trains to collide.
A.appliance B.accessoryC.machine D.mechanism
1.sympathetic 有同情心的,与 to 或with连用;considerate 体谅人的;cautious 提防的;只有 alert 合题意,“值班护士对于病危病人任何有变化的迹象都非常警惕”。
2. 形近词的辨析。题干中“is…from”应为“(被)从……中获得”之意,与B.相符。A.的意思是“推论, 推断, 演绎”;C.分开, 分离;D.下降。
3.refuted 驳斥;declined 拒绝;traversed 反对;reclaimed 收回;只有B合适。decline多表示比较正式地有礼貌地“谢绝”,多用于对他人的邀请或提供的帮助的拒绝。
4.hostile 敌对的;impartial 公平的;mild 和善的;opposing 反对。
5.该句意思是“40英寸等于3英尺4英寸”。identical 意为“完全相同的,相等的”,一般接 with,be identical with…意为“与……相同(相等)”;parallel 意为“平行的,并列的”;equivalent 意为“相等的,相同的”,固定搭配为 be equivalent to;equal 也为 be equal to 结构。
6.inferior 一词意为“差的,次的”。题干的意思是“商店售货员对顾客很坦率。如果商品的质量低劣,他就会如实相告”。因此,inferior 最符合题意,为正确答案。humble 意为“卑贱的,低下的”,常用来指人;awkward 意为“笨拙的;棘手的,尴尬的”;minor 意为“小的,次要的”;A 项、B 项、C 项均不与 quality 搭配。
7. 该句意思是“她在窗帘后面盯着她的邻居”。D 项 peer 意为“凝视,仔细看”,后常接介词 at;aim at 指瞄准,以……为目标。
8.scandal 丑闻,丑行;receipt 收据;revenue 收入;recipe 烹饪法,食谱。
9.这个辩护律师给陪审团留下了深刻印象。protect 保护,维护;guard 保卫,防卫,看守;defend 防护,辩护;shield 保护,防护,庇护。
10.应该有一种安全机制,使火车不会相撞。appliance用具,器具,器械;accessory 附件,零件,配件;machine 机器,机械;mechanism机械装置,机制。