上海新东方学校四六级考研阅读主讲教师 乐柯健 赵胤
根据全国大学英语四、六级考试改革方案（试行），全国大学英语四、六级考试改革项目组和考试委员会设计了四级考试新题型测试卷，并于近日公布。在样卷中，仔细阅读部分（Reading in Depth）占整张试卷分值的25%。考试题型又分为两种：A) 选择题型的篇章阅读理解；B) 篇章层次的词汇理解 (Banked Cloze) 或短句问答 (Short Answer Question)。笔者仔细研究了样题，并根据多年阅读的教学经验，以下就仔细阅读部分进行一个详细地分析。
第一部分篇章层次的词汇理解 （Banked Cloze）
这是一种新题型，对于众多考生而言，似曾相识，与传统考题的cloze有一定程度的类似。此次试点卷中，Banked Cloze文章长度245个单词，近乎于一篇传统阅读文章的长度。其间除去10个单词，后面有A到O，十五个单词选项，要求考生选择正确的单词填入文章。首先考察的无疑是学生对于每个待选词的微观了解，主要包含单词的中文释义以及更为重要的词性问题。同时兼顾文章的宏观结构，实际语境，包括逻辑性、连贯性以及部分句子结构语法要求的考察。就难度本身而言，并没有超越之前公布的样卷。
与原本的词汇题相比较，对于单词本身的考核要求相对较低，文篇的理解也是最终获得正确答案必不可少的步骤。
样题解析
El Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange 47 happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 48 , the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 °C.
The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (潮湿的) air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51.
El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage. The 1990 El Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists 54 this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.
Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will 55 , but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.
A) estimate
B) strength
C) deliberately
D) notify
E) tropical
F) phenomenon
G) stable
H) attraction
I) completely
J) destructive
K) starvation
L) bringing
M) exhaustion
N) worth
O) strike
然后把选项进行归类，其中名词有B,F,H,K,M，动词包含A,D,O,L 其中只有L为现在分词形式，其余皆为动词原型；形容词包括E, G, J,N,另外还有C,I 两个副词。可简单做标示。
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