3. 应该多阅读,甚至背诵一些经典句型和篇章。《新概念英语》第二册和第三册就有许多非常值得学习的句式。以第二册为例,Lesson38中有两个关于”no sooner…than”和”hardly…when”的例句: He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. 提到”cannot…to”(再……也不过分)的用法,Lesson41也有两个例句: A man can never have too many ties. A woman can’t have too many hats. 体现虚拟语气用法的例句更多。如Lesson40中有一句: “Young man,” she answered, “If you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!” 诸如此类,不胜枚举。 语法学习和词汇学习是英语进阶的纲,纲举目张,因此我们重点谈谈如何突破这两部分的难点。
1. 虚拟语气。强调说话人的主观愿望和假想情况。考生应着重复习能引起虚拟语气的某些介词、介词短语和连词(如lest, in case, otherwise等);一部分表示建议、主张、命令、紧要等概念的词语,由于本身隐含说话人的主观愿望,其后的主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句往往采用“should+动词原形”;虚拟倒装句;在would rather, wish, as if, it’s time that等句型中使用适当形式表达主观愿望;混合虚拟句。
2. 主谓一致。这类考题灵活性大,需要根据实际情况判断谓语动词的单复数形式。一部分具有生命意义的集合名词做主语时谓语动词多采用复数形式,如people, poultry, militia等;用and连接的成分表单一概念时谓语动词用单数;就近原则:主语中含有某些连词(如as well as, besides, in addition to等)时,谓语动词的数同第一个主语保持一致。